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Carfree Cities - This website proposes a daring solution to the problems associated with urban automobiles. Sprawl Guide -- an introduction to the problems of suburban sprawl, by the American Planners Association. Recommended Reading: Stacy Mitchell's book The Hometown Advantage: How to Defend Your Main Street Against Chain Stores and Why it Matters. Christopher Alexander et. al, A Pattern Language: towns, building, construction, New York, Oxford University Press, 1977
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In 1993, the city of Lancaster developed an innovative model for assessing impact fees on new development. Known as the Urban Structure Program, the model includes a surcharge levied on new development beyond the central core (5 mile radius). The further out from the central core, the higher the surcharge. A typical new house located within the core, for example, would incur an impact fee of $5,500. The same house located one mile beyond the core would incur a fee of $10,800. The model relies on a computer program, updated annually, that calculates the cost of providing city services for a particular development. One goal of the model is to ensure that outlying developments pay their true public costs. Many city services are more expensive to provide in low-density developments located far from existing service areas. Often residents of the urban care must shoulder a portion of these added costs. Lancaster's model requires these outlying developments to pay their full costs. The result is a system that discourages sprawl, promotes a more cohesive and orderly development pattern, and supports downtown businesses. Since the model was implemented in 1993, no new development has occurred outside the central core. More:
The New Rules Project - http://www.newrules.org/ |
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